Difference Between Personnel Manager and Hr Manager Essay

ALTHOUGH both human resource management (HRM) and personnel management focus on people management, if we examine critically, there are many differences between them. Some are listed below: i) Nature of relations: The nature of relations can be seen through two different perspective views which are Pluralist and Unitarist. There is a clear distinct difference between both because the personnel manager, the focus is more on individualistic where individual interest is more than group interest. Here, HR manager through a shared vision between management and staff create a corporate vision and mission which are linked to business goals and the fulfillment of mutual interest where the organization’s needs are satisfied by subordinates and subordinate’s needs are well-taken care by the organization. Motorola and Seagate are good examples of organizations that belief in this Unitarist approach which also focuses in team management and sees employees as partners in an organization. Relation of power and management: The distribution of power with personnel manager is centralized where the top management has full authority in decision-making where even the personnel managers are not even allowed to give ideas or take part in any decision which involves â€Å"employees†. HR manager, on the other hand, has the decentralization of power where the power between top management is shared with middle and lower management groups. This is known as â€Å"empowerment† because employees play an important role together with line and HR managers to make collective and mutual decisions, which can benefit both the management and employees themselves. In fact, HR manager focuses more on TQM approach as part of a team management with the involvement and participation of management and employees with shared power and authority. The nature of management is focused more on bottom-up approach with employees giving feedback to the top management and then the top management gives support to employees to achieve mutually agreed goals and objectives. ii) Leadership and management role: Personnel manager emphasizes much on leadership style which is very transactional. This style of leadership merely sees the leader as a task-oriented person. This leader focuses more on procedures that must be followed, punishment form non-performance and non-compliance of rules and regulations and put figures and task  accomplishments ahead of human factors such as personal bonding, interpersonal relationship, trust, understanding, tolerance and care. HR managers are the leaders who are transformational. This leadership style encourages business objectives to be shared by both employees and management. Here, leaders only focus more on people-oriented and importance on rules, procedures and regulations are eliminated and replaced with: Shared vision; Corporate culture and missions; Trust and flexibility; and HRM needs that integrates business needs. iv) Pay policies and job design: Pay policies for personnel manager is merely based on skills and knowledge required for the perspective jobs only. The value is based on the ability to perform the task and duties as per the employment contract requirement only. It does not encourage value-added incentives to be paid out. This is also because the job design is very functional, where the functions are more departmentalized in which each job falls into one functional department. This is merely known as division on labour based on job needs and skill possessions and requirement. For HR manager, the pay is designed to encourage continuous job performance and improvement which is linked to value-added incentives such as gain sharing schemes, group profit sharing and individual incentive plans. The job design is no more functional based but teamwork and cyclical based. HRM creates a new approach towards job design such as job rotation which is inter and intra-departmental based and job enlargement which encourages one potential and capable individual to take on more tasks to add value to his/her job and in return enjoy added incentives and benefits.

End of Life Ethical Issues Essay

In this workshop activity, you are required to investigate and report on ONE ethical principle as it is demonstrated in a case study situation, then review and assess the reports prepared by your fellow students.Read the case studies below and decide which ethical principles are involved in each situation: (a) describe the principle  Principle of Respect for Autonomy The Webster dictionary (2002) defines Autonomy as â€Å"personal rule of the self that is free from both controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choice.† And in keeping with this definition we, as registered nurses, must respect the right for individuals to act intentionally, with understanding, and without controlling influences to their free will. (b) explain how it applies in the case study situation  The difficulties, and moral dilemma’s, that are encountered in making â€Å"end of life† verves â€Å"quality of life† decisions involved in situations like Edward Biltons should always be related to the principal of respect for autonomy, when the patient has competently made their own choices. The ICU nursing staff and Mr Bilton’s parents need to accept and acknowledge that Edward has made his own choices based on his own values and belief systems. As health care professionals that will experience similar situations to this, it is important to not have own morals and beliefs influence our patients’ decisions about their care. In the health care environment, an individuals’ autonomy is applied through obtaining informed consent. It could be argued that he has not formally withdrawn consent for treatment as he is unable to communicate at this stage, but his living will sets out that in the event of an accident he does not wish to be artificially kept alive should he be fully dependent and disabled . Clearly this dependence and disability is evident in the fact that despite he should regain consciousness, he will be severely neurologically impaired. (c) offer your perspective on or resolution of the dilemma. You need to rationalise your perspective using the ethical principles and practices you have researched  With this scenario, other people must afford Edward the respect he deserves, give him the means to exercise his will, and not contradict his previously made decisions pertaining to his autonomy. The principle of respect for autonomy indicates that individuals’ should be allowed to freely make their own decisions in relation to the health care they receive. We grant this freedom of autonomy to our patients when they can give their consent to, or refusal from, treatment whilst in our health care facility and this same respect for their autonomy should be afforded in situations like Edward Biltons. In this situation Edward Bilton has previously and in sound mind made a decision of his future in certain circumstances.

Public Education System

In the past few decades school has shifted its focus from education to fashion. Students are judged upon their shoes or jeans rather than their knowledge. Uniforms in the public education system is a great idea, not only is it cost effective, but also it gives the students a chance to concentrate on their studies and not have to worry about what to wear tomorrow. Plus the crime or violence rate drops in schools that have a uniform policy, and those that do not belong on campus are spotted quicker and easier. Private schools ave already adopted this idea as well as some schools in England and Australia. Early morning or late evening fights over what is allowed to be worn to school could come to an end if uniforms are issued in the public The kids that come from lower class level backgrounds are the kids out there selling drugs and committing the crimes, but the money made goes to buy the latest designer jeans, just so that they are â€Å"cool† at school. A difference in the violence on school grounds has decreased in areas were school uniforms are mandatory. Gang activity is not as high because the students can not show their colors or signs at school. Sgt. Joe Battle, a Long Beach, California juvenilia officer states that, â€Å"uniforms take away the No. 1 reason that kids treat each other differently; how they look† (Ritter, 1A). Long Beach was the first public school in the nation to have mandatory school uniform policy. The crime rate there is down 76 percent, and assaults on school property is also down by 85 percent (Starr,1). One of the reasons behind the sudden change in school policy has to do with the recent school hootings. The most famous and talked about one was the Columbine High School. The two teens were able to bring in weapons to the school under trench coats. With uniforms this could have been prevented, because long coats are not to be worn in the school. Even the President of the United States is moving to the uniform policy. President Clinton has given speeches during his State of the Union address including that uniforms keep kids, † from killing each other over designer jackets† (Ritter, 1A). The way that the kids are dressed is more important than the grades they make. The students are able to focus on the education rather than someone else's new clothes. Parents that were not too sure of the idea agree that there are more positives than negatives to wearing uniforms. The students are less distracted and can concentrate on the teacher. Students admit that having everyone wear the same thing is easier on them. No one worries about whether or not they wore something last week or that they don't have the name brand labels to flash around. Kids that can't afford the name brands are the ones with the lower test scores and poorer attendance. The cost of uniforms in comparison to the latest fashion is ridiculous. For what it would cost to buy a major household appliance, two or three of the latest designer outfits can be bought. The students who don't have the money to buy all the newest clothes tend not to go to class as much because they feel they don't fit in. It used to be that the kids that wore the K-Mart or Wal-Mart brand of clothes were thought of as uncool. Uniforms don't only bring down the cost of clothes for the parents, but the school spirit is higher and the students feel a sense of unity. The line between the poor and rich kids is brought down, the students can no longer tease on another because of their clothes as they are all dressed the same. Administrators can spot a person who does not belong on campus faster and easier if they a don't have a school uniform on. Uniforms can be bought at almost any clothing store. Prices range from $5-$7 for shirts, $10 for shorts and pants and $7 for a jumper. Now compare that to $30-$80 for jeans and$15-$30 for a shirt. Majority of parents only buy two or three uniforms a school year Students all dressed the same that is the whole idea. But there some negative aspects of this area. Psychologist Ruth Rubinstein at the Fashion Institute of New York argues that having students dress alike decreases their sense of expression or creativity. Although students can express themselves in the classroom or even wear different socks. Some days are specified for the optional dress down, where the children can wear what ever they would like. If the students have to wear uniforms then so should the teachers and staff. How can the students be expected t follow the teachers lead if they are not in uniforms as well? This makes the whole school equal and the principles' job easier for enforcing the dress code. Some schools do have strict dress codes if a not a uniform policy. Students must wear clothing that is appropriate for a learning environment. No sleeveless shirts or offense slang or short, shorts are not allowed. Students that do not follow the rules could be suspended. Schools could go as far as to not allow skirts to be worn. Some schools have an optional uniform policy. Most parents and students choose to wear uniforms because of At the moment many public schools are only using uniforms under a voluntary basis. With this system they hope to increase awareness of the benefits that these uniforms hold. These uniforms will help to lower budgets, school violence and help students become more accepted among their peers. Fatal accidents could be avoided with the use of uniforms in the public school system. It is not just a fast growing trend to make the school look better, but also a way to increase the chances of a more secure learning environment.

Intelluctual Property and design Innovation Management (study of JAMES Essay

Intelluctual Property and design Innovation Management (study of JAMES DYSON - PATENT , RESEARCH AND DISCUSSION of his works ) - Essay Example She exclaimed â€Å"Really?† and informed him that they have dozens of them around the palace (Popular Science, 2004). This story brilliantly shows till what extent Dyson became the part of our daily life and culture. The story of trials and success of Dyson – the person and the company - is worth studying through, analyzing and extracting valuable business lessons. 1. Carry out a patent search for Dyson's work. Write up the results as a summary review, commenting on the dates the patents were filed and the innovations described. What conclusions can you draw from this? While studying at the Royal College of Art in 1970 James Dyson launched his first product, the Sea Truck. (Wilmshurst, Mackay, 2002, pg. 68). Few years later as a substitute to the conventional wheelbarrow came the innovative Ballbarrow that brought its inventor success, fame and leading position on a market (Wilmshurst, Mackay, 2002). The following major inventions were the Wheelboat, that is able to tr avel on water and on land, and Trollyball – effective boat launcher (Wilmshurst, Mackay, 2002). The essential adjustment of almost every upright vacuum cleaner which is called the integral hose – is also a Dyson’s invention (Wilmshurst, Mackay, 2002). ... In 1991 Dyson’s vacuum cleaner, known as G-Force and being sold $2000 for a piece, won the International Design Fair prize in Japan. His latest inventions - Air Multiplier and Air Blade - are extravagant and futuristic show-stoppers as well. This is an official and well-known story of Dyson’s early inventions. However deeper and particularized look at the details of their â€Å"birth† can give even more information for the proper understanding of the ways that led him to success. According to the Patent Database (IPL – Intellectual property Library) James Dyson filed a patent for a Ballbarrow in 1976 first in US, then in Canada. The same way he acted during the patenting of the convertible vacuum clearing appliances in 1980. Most of his inventions have followed the same pattern. Looking though the information concerning patented innovations it can be easily noticed that between the years of major inventions there were a lot of patents filed to protect litt le adjustments to already existing devices or minor changes in them. For example each addition to the bagless vacuum cleaner, such as cyclone separator, improved control valve, upright appliance, appliance for conversion the vacuum cleaner into upright or cylinder type, and so forth, was covered with patent. Dyson constantly conducted the process of improvement, adaptation and finding innovations to the existing products and patented along with major inventions all the little adjustments, combinations and more extensive improvements to them as well. James Dyson apparently timely realized that key to long-lasting success lays in intellectual property identification, in particular patents, as a methods to safeguard his interests. To finalize the image Dyson’s approach I

Netflix Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Netflix - Research Paper Example programming distributors, direct broadcast satellite providers and telecommunication providers; (3) entertainment video retailers; and (4) DVD rental outlets and kiosk services (â€Å"Netflix, Inc. Form 10-K,† 2012). According to Aaker (2007) market analysis can be viewed at through seven dimensions: market size, market growth rate, market profitability, industry cost structure, distribution channels, market trends and key success factors. According to Datamonitor (2012) the global movies and entertainment market generated total revenues of $109.4 billion in 2009 which represented a 0.2% growth rate from 2005-2009. This industry spans multiple sectors and is highly dynamic. The major growth driver for this industry is the rapid evolution of platforms and delivery methods epitomized by smartphones, tablets and the social Web. Analyzing an organization’s value chain makes it easier to identify where value is added and/or where the organization could develop a cost advantage. Online businesses such as Netflix benefit from the Internet’s ability to lower the costs in much of their value chain especially in inbound and outbound logistics, operations and distribution channel. However, in order to develop competitive advantage online companies must invest, innovate and grow competencies in technology, infrastructure and service. Also, these companies have to operate on low-cost models given the market’s expectation for lower products prices. Plunkett Research (2012) identified increased consumer demand for more control over what they read, listen to or watch as the premier factor that will drive changes in this market in the near future. According to them, issues of control will be manifested through portability, pricing and delayed viewing or listening. Portability refers to the ability to view and share content across multiple platforms such as iPads, Android smartphones, digital TV and desktop operating systems. Pricing for content is important given

Biological effects of the use of dirty bombs Essay

Biological effects of the use of dirty bombs - Essay Example The purpose of this report is to comprehensively examine these effects by assessing relevant scientific studies, researches and literature. Introduction As stated in the preceding section of the report, the focus of this assessment is directed towards conducting an analysis of the biological effects of the use of dirty bombs that are a type of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) which also incorporates the detonation of conventional explosives. The discussion topics that have been identified as primary and key considerations of this report include 1) an introduction to dirty bombs as a type of RDD 2) examination of the use of dirty bombs by military armies 3) identification of the determinants that govern the extent or degree of biological impact of dirty bomb detonation 4) assessment of an organism’s biological response to the detonation of dirty bombs and 5) the biological effects of the use of dirty bombs. ... he quantity and kinds of physical damage linked with the detonation of a dirty bomb would be comparable to that of an attack which is conducted by devices or bombs that are not radioactive in nature (Horoho 224). While, this statement postulates that the impact or effects of a dirty bomb are similar to that of a conventional bomb, the fundamental distinction in this case is that the detonation of a dirty bomb, as a radiological dispersal device (RDD) would result in the likelihood of victims and rescuers coming into contact with radioactive materials by the means of inhalation or through the embedment of radioactive materials in the injured party (Horoho 224). Thus, Lifshitz understands that the adverse effects of dirty bombs can be categorized on the basis of the direct impact of the explosion and the consequences that the victims may experience as a result of being exposed to radiation (710). The military application of dirty bombs involves their utilization as bunker busters in or der to break through fortified targets or targets that are present in underground compounds. Even though, the detonation of dirty bombs has proven to be effective in this regard the key issue of concern is linked with the harmful dispersal of radiation that is caused by the explosion which has the ability to adversely impact indigenous peoples. According to Lifshitz, the extent of the impact of a dirty bomb explosion on the victims can be viewed on a scale which constitutes of high-level radiation and low-level radiation (710). The impact of high-level radiation comprises of the onset of severe illness and radiation sickness, which emerge in a brief period ranging from days to weeks and can be identified as the cause of victim’s death, in most cases (Lifshitz 710). On the contrary, low

Evidence Based Practice in Social Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Evidence Based Practice in Social Work - Essay Example While other children have parents that they can live with and are willing to pay for their college tuition, youth in care have no one. Renting an apartment with no parent to co-sign a lease, finding money for a security deposit, and getting to work or school without money for transportation, and being able to feed themselves in the absence of a job, are several of the obstacles care leavers confront. As a result, many care leavers confront negative outcomes, primarily homelessness (Barth, 1996). In his study on the demographics of homelessness, Barn (2001) indicated that youth homeless was not an ethnic minority problem but a predominantly economic one. Wright's (2002) findings are consistent with Barn's (2002) conclusions. Commander (2002) and Mendes and Moslehuddin (2006) concur, emphasising that the demographics suggest that youth homelessness cuts across ethnic groupings but not economic ones. Nevertheless, they contend that the demographics reveal a more important commonality between the homeless youth. Specifically stated, the greater majority of the homeless across the United Kingdom are care leavers. Indeed, both studies independently maintain that incidents of hopelessness amongst domiciled youth are rare. 2.2 Homelessness: The Risk Factors In a cross-cultural study, Kurtz, Jarvis, and Kurtz (1991) identified five causes of homelessness. First, youth who are already members of homeless families are often separated from them because many shelters do not serve older youth. Youth from homeless families may be placed in foster care or emergency shelter system and consequently experience disintegration of ties with their families. Some studies, according to Pain and Francis (2004) suggested that as much as one-third of Britain's total homeless and in-care youth population came from homeless families, or ones which had simply disintegrated due to divorce or the death of the bread winner. Smith (2005), however, puts the figure at closer to 40%, adding that mental instability/problems in one of the parents as a leading predicator of homelessness and familial disintegration. A second reason for youth homeless is physical and sexual abuse (Pain and Francis, 2005). Kurtz et al. (1991) and Pain and Francis (2005) suggested the third reason is because youth are thrown or pushed out of their homes by parents or guardians. A fourth group of homeless are those that are removed from homes at an early age because of family abuse, neglect, or unwillingness or inability to care for them. They are taken into state custody and become foster youth. The fifth group of homeless youth are members of minority groups who have immigrated to Great Britain, whether legally or as illegal asylum seekers, and are attempting to make themselves inconspicuous.

Water needs in Urban Countries Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Water needs in Urban Countries - Assignment Example eptionally low precipitation rates annually and exceptionally high evapo-transpiration rate combined with overexploitation by the vast and ever increasing populations Johns (2008). Most of its water  resource  is in  underground  sinks and  little  surface water resources. Furthermore, a huge amount of these underground water resources  are contaminated  by minerals and oil fuels which are  plentiful  within the region, thus rendering the water not fit for consumption. This puts water resources as  particularly  crucial resources in the region, and  over time,  various organs and  individuals have been implementing conservation measures. These measures range from sustainable exploitation to the  search  of alternative water sources and waste water management. With the increasing rates of climate change,  population’s growth rates and conflict struggles for other resources the conservation measures have had little  impact  on the water shortages situation. This calls for an in-depth investigative  study  on the various issues surrounding water availability within the region. This includes the conduct of research within the region, capacity building initiatives among the populations, and the  employment  of  proper  results and recommendations implementation strategies. The people within the region must  get  to  understand  the importance of this commodity and the  employment  of various conservation strategies.  The social structure influencing rapid population growth also requires to be moderated such as by the introduction of birth control and the development of international understanding and regulations pertaining to shared water resources within the region.  The various nations within the reg ion and their people need to  agree  on a water management plan and regulations to  attain  sustainable development. Water needs within the region can only be met through a regional integrated water conservation and management  effort. Water shortages are evident in

Cokes Polar Bear Can Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cokes Polar Bear Can - Essay Example Consequently, the identical color in the two types of coke both classic and diet brought consumer displeasure and terrible confusion. The campaign of the white can coca cola became disruptive to the consumers making them do a double take. The coca cola company has never changed the traditional red color of its can however for the first time the company introduced coke Classic in a white can. Even though consumers may refute the power of marketing over their preferences, the consumer brain is profoundly influenced by effective advertising. Naturally in soda brands color red brings to the mind coke classic while silver evoke diet coke (Shayon 5). As such where consumers are able to make color association with brands, an attempt to change the color of a given brand like coke attempted to do, would certainly amount to a dramatic shift branding consequently disrupting the normal behavior of consumers. For this reason there is a greater possibility of regular consumers to be mistaken as to the identity of the brand as was the case in distinguishing coke classic can and that of Diet coke. Many of the angry and confused c ustomers posted their complaints on emails and twitter. Even though the company’s’ intention was to grab their customers attention through disruptive complain its customers were not impressed at all. Within day of the launch numerous complaints began flowing about the white can being too similar to the silver one. This made some diabetic and weight conscious consumers to accidentally purchase classic coke while in fact they had intended to buy Diet coke. Some of the customers went ahead to return already opened white cans to the stores where they had purchased them demanding that they should be given new diet coke cans. Some others opted to express their anger and dissatisfaction with the white can online. The introduction of white cans by the coca cola company was just another

Southwest Airlines Co. †2007 Essay Example for Free

Southwest Airlines Co. – 2007 Essay Southwest Airlines Co. – 2007 Case Analysis On the brink of airlines’ market share battlefield, many of the companies failed to launch new strategies and price controls because of fuel prices, market requirements and safety issues. Along with the history of low price policy that Southwest Airlines started to implement decades ago, the recent challenges and soaring competitive behaviors made that company pass huge obstacles. Southwest Airlines manifested the new growth in Texas air carrier businesses and located itself on the top of carriers’ prime ranking (Southwest Airlines). In this case the concept will be depicted and insights made on that topic. This will be done by starting with the organizational structure of that corporation and classifying many aspects of the entire growth and the difficulties of Southwest ending up with chartings and contribution graphics of company’s activities done last years. By analyzing all the consequences and in-depth research of the financial, hierarchical and structural management of Southwest Airlines, many decisional revelations will be discovered and exposed thoroughly. Theoretically, all the targeted issues that could evolve all the strategic workouts of that company cannot bypass the key solutions without highlighted marks. Southwest Airlines should be more decentralized organization Nowadays, all companies are taking a strategic view on whether or not to decentralize or centralize, and which system is more eligible for them. Centralization of organization is the strategy of assigning and transferring decision-making authority and ability to higher levels. On the contrary, decentralization is the transferring of the latter to the lower levels (Adampieniazek). The first challenge started by an air carrier’s investment adviser, Rollin King, who firmly offered the flight between three big metropolis cities in Texas. Rollin King convinced the organization’s supreme board that by achieving this goal of consequent enlargement of flights in different cities by low-flight-fare strategy, Southwest Airlines can compete against the giant air carriers. Considering that his position was not high enough for typical centralized â€Å"bureaucratic† organization, the decision-making allowance and admittance by the board can be pledged to be in a decentralized shape. In this occasion, launching the new flights took start and year by year increased Southwest’s revenues, opening the broad business opportunity emerged new challenges with other air giants. King’s foreseen assumptions and predictions over the future were profitable to the company his assumptions helped the financial statements annually. The company has had a team spirit approach accumulated throughout the years. The reason for this is the company believes that employees are first, not the customers. Their high efficient labor is objectively being evaluated and participation in decision-making is important. By halting the renovation processes of its headquarter building and delaying to buy new aircrafts Southwest kept all its employees including all benefits, and salaries. From an ethical point of view, the company’s management obtained a huge reputation and respect by its employees and labor organizations. Despite the 20 percent job loss since 2001 in U. S. Airline industry, Southwest kept employing 32,000 employees during any type of difficulties occurred during last couple of years. Making an effort to satisfy customers with low-cost, high efficient and fair quality is one of the Southwest’s main aims. Meanwhile, the have to bear all competitors’ market games and dumping. As a result, air carrier takes care of its precious quantity portion of customers: both permanently and temporarily. Core values and mission statement A mission statement is a statement of main core values, purposes, responsibilities of the organizations. Mission statement, is also an opportunity to characterize the company: who the company is, what the company does, what is it stands for, and why they are doing it. For the company, core values are the values which inform the company on how to reward, guide in making decisions and business processes, as well as, mission statement clarify who the company. They also help to explain why the companies do business the way they do (Southwest Airlines). Expressing the mission statement of Southwest Airlines can preliminarily clarify this company’s mission outlined showoff. The company is aimed to offer their workers a progressive environment in their work with satisfactory prospect for experiencing and growth. Adding to that, innovation and creativity are encompassed for empowering the efficiency of the company. All workers are assured to be treated with the same respect, attitude and concern inside the company. Southwest protected its entire internal strategy in a consecutive order. By keeping almost all the operations aboard despite both company-wide and market-wide financial turndown, Southwest Airlines guaranteed its service enlargement mission for future, even though annual income decreased from 548 mn to 499 mn as of years 2005 and 2006. By handling overall services, Southwest Airlines broadened its operations; accompanying other cities of different states, they derive new goals from their general missions periodically and expand their travelers annually. Continuous enhancements in customer service and relations are always a prime goal of Southwest that is seen in their mission statement (Southwest Airlines). Propose and organizational chart The company gives authority to employees to participate in decision-making. So it turns on that Southwest Airlines is far from centralized structure. Centralized structure is the bureaucratic and all the strategic and organizational issues are solved on the top rank. Therefore, decentralized structured organization then the most befitting organization chart. On the top of the hierarchy is the CEO of Southwest Airlines Gary Kelly. From the hierarchical point of view, Southwest as an organization divided all duties proportionately, from tip to toe, starting from CEO, subordinates, and employees. Considering its decentralized hierarchy, the CEO has two levels of dependants. Inflight and Provisioning Manager controls and maintains all flights, both departures and arrivals from and to the airports. All the law issues, statements, updates and upcoming public affairs are the prime duty of Law, Airports, and Public Affairs Manager. Including both Public Relations and Community Affairs, Customer Relations and Rapid Rewards are subdivisions of Corporate Communications Deputy Management. The Strategy and Planning Department is responsible for all the future strategies, major corporate planning decisions and projects. Vice President of General Counsel is head lawyer of the Southwest Airlines. Purchasing (spare parts, air catering, disposal, airplanes etc. ) department is the main branch of Strategy Planning Department. Recommended Solutions Gradually, keeping its position of low-priced and reliable partner, Southwest Airlines can not only dominate in major cities but it can also expand its target market. For this purpose the company should undock its low-priced policy and revise its state-wide flights. The historical motto of this air carrier is the strategy which is mentioned above. Basically, locating these criteria on board and step-by-step implementing innovative methods for current air carriers’ principals can commonly guarantee its rising reputation and revenues. If company ignores the optimal structured organizational chart then the another option can only be centralized, which does not offer bright perspectives for during the future of the company, as well as, its difficult times, especially when multiple decisions needed. In conclusion, Southwest Airlines, during this economically tied situation, can handle all the financial and corporate difficulties. Southwest Airlines can also hold almost all of its employees in the company and deliver the vital principle throughout its short history. After making thorough research about both the structural and organizational values of the company, it should be mentioned that after a long trail of on-market activities Southwest proved itself both financially and organizationally.

Widespread Use Of Digital Media Media Essay

Widespread Use Of Digital Media Media Essay This essay will critically asses the impact that widespread use of digital media has on broader culture and society. For me, this is questioning whether digital media, the technological revolution and the rise of the internet can be seen as a blessing or a curse on culture and society. According to Castells (2002) who writes avidly on this topic, new media technologies simultaneously reinforce relations of cultural capital, hierarchy and distinction, while enabling social movements to publicise campaigns and connect with distant others. Technology, the internet and the digital media has created unimaginable wealth yet also encouraged millions to work for nothing. Digital media Challenges authority yet allowed regimes to spy and censor as never before. The internet opens up new realms of knowledge and Al Gore (former vice president) states that its an empowering tool with more potential than any other tool developed by mankind. Digital media is very much a double edged sword and has b oth positive and negative aspects to it. This essay will explore these different aspects and look to given a definitive answers as to whether the digital media and the internet has overall had a good or bad impact on broader culture and society. Positive impact on culture and society There are a significant number of ways in which the use of digital media has facilitated democracy and pluralism in worldwide society and culture. Supporters of this view include the likes of Goodwin, Jenkins and Burrows. The inventor of the World Wide Web, Sir Tim Berners-Lee, saw the internet as a tool that connected humanity. W ith 35 million people using the internet every day in the UK alone, he sees the internet as a platform for equal access to voice, opportunity and information, having originally been designed as a rebellion against hierarchy and authority. Wikipedia is definitely a product of the digital media that has had a positive impact on culture and society. Every month 65 million people use this site, with the original idea being that instead of information being handed down by experts and the elite above, it instead slowly emerges from the masses from below. This is a good example of the democratisation of society and culture that the digital media brings, as Wikipedia allow people to shape knowledge together on one platform. Twitter is a social media site that has had a strong positive effect on culture and society. This digital media platform can be used to campaign for fundamental freedoms in culture and society across the globe. For example Twitter was used to campaign for fundamental civil rights Kenya during the violence in the Kenyan election of 2008. Witnesses used Twitter to report the violence and corruption that the worlds media was not reporting accurately. Twitter represents a new form of democracy in society and culture, meaning that countries hierarchy in effect has flipped from vertical to horizontal. Another example can be found in Iran; when riots occurred the government banned world media from the area, however the public used Twitter to alert the world of what was occurring. Napster is a digital media site that advanced culture and society by undermining centuries of copyrighting and property. This site allowed music to be listened to for free, making it equally accessable and shared for free. This demonstrated digital media and the internets power to destroy established business models. While this site was completely illegal, the issue was that because the usage of this site became so widespread, lawsuits would have been needs for everyone between the ages of 18 and 30 at the time. As a result of Napster, 95% of all music exchange online in now unpaid for, showing how digital media has helped create added cultural equality and democracy over the last decade. YouTube is another strong example of how the digital media and the internet has had a positive effect on the global culture and society. YouTube was first created in 2005, and is now viewed 1 billion times a day, with 1/5 of all content on the internet itself being created by amateurs. The attraction to this site is that it provides and platform for self-promotion and takes control away from the middleman such as agents of publishers. These older hierarchies are still at large today, however their power is dwindling as they struggle to adapt to the digital medias democratisation and equalization effect on society and culture. Having first been created to protect the USA in the 1960s to link information between the government, the armed forces and institutions of science and universities, the internet has now become a de-centralizing power to the state. The internet is now seen as a threat to the state, de-centralizing power in single nations by merging their individual economies into a global economy. The rise of the digital media and the internet is accelerating globalisation which in turn provides new developments in culture that cross historic and traditional borders. Old centres of power are crumbling, meaning a huge scramble to fill the vacuum left behind. An example of this can be seen in Wikileaks, which allows people to anomalously publish information on governments such as classified US army documents on Guatanamo Bay, which helps challenge censorship. Suppressing information has become increasingly difficult, with the digital media and the internet helping make traditional censored countries suc h as China become far more democratic. When one part of the internet becomes controlled and colonised, a new frontier will always spring up in its place elsewhere. This certainly shows how the digital media benefits society and culture in a broad sense globally. Negative impact on culture and society There are many negative aspects that the rise of the internet and digital media has brought to culture and society. The digital media can be seen as a source of control and homogenisation, with supporters of this view including the likes of Schiller and Virilio. Around 25% of the global population has access to the internet, which can be seen to show another form of control by the MEDCs over LEDCs. It is in human nature to have the desire for both profit and control. If you can control what people believe in you control what people have access to, hence the internet and the digital media is a powerful tool that can create this control if harnessed by the appropriate people in society. The internet and digital media has allowed elite megabrands to gain power with no competition. The idealistic view (steming from 1970s hippie culture) that the world wide web should be a creative space where all people can share information for free, which went against those who wanted use the web as a place to buy and sell, use the web as a market place. Some people, such as Bill Gates, saw the internet as the biggest business opportunity ever. In 1995 Microsoft launched Internet Explorer and ended up with more than 90% of the market globablly. This is just an example of how the world dominated by just a handful of mega brands. In Britain 1/3 of the population has Facebook, Ebay has 21 million visits a month while Amazon get 16 million visits per month. There is one search engine (Google), one marketplace (Ebay), one bookshop (Amazon), one cinema (YouTube) and one social network (Facebook) that matter. This means there is a new massive wealth and power in the hands of a tiny elite t hanks to the internet. It is a huge historic anomolie in the fact that there are no competitors (Coke and Pepsi, Honda and Toyota)that would usually reflect a capitalist society. Hence this is a pure manifestation of way in which power works, landing itself to a very narrow oligarchy and elite in society. The digital media and the internet can be seen as a tool of control and oppression. Increasingly it mirrors hierarchy and inequalities with its originally idealistic beginnings fading over time. It is a powerful tool the state can use to access information and control the masses. An example of this is seen in China (one party state) that has 250 million of it population currently using the internet. Technology has helped drive Chinas economic growth and the government is now worried about their communist culture and society due to the rise of digital media and the internet. The government has employed 30,000 people to police the web full-time in China, developing a firewall around the country preventing many western media sites from entering and influencing public opinion. Their surveillance of social network sites is essential to their state control, hence the government has hired bloggers 300, 000 people to post communist support on digital media sites and blogs. The digital media can be seen to be narrowing identity. The internet can link and connect extremists, which has given them new tools of terrorism. Al Qaeda try to implement control through fear via the internet through hatefull messages and shocking images. This is very difficult to prevent as there is no central control centre of base on the internet. Digital media removes national borders and therefore these extremists have a virtual reality nation to spread their message. The internet and digital media can be see as eroding the concept of privacy. Private information is now exploited for highly targeted advertising and profit. For example Google gathers billions of search terms that help them sell highly targeted advertising. Its turned human curiosity into a goldmine, as Google now makes $200 per second for this scheme. Internet cookies now track our interests and website history. This can even Facebook, a company that increasingly uses technology to recognise pictures and send targeted adverts. Today, after purchasing an item, you are constantly emailed with updates. This is a manifestation of the attempt by big businesses and coorperations to colonise the online marketplace . It homogenises consumers with messages such as people who bought this also bought this. Almost without realising it, our search history is stored on a database of the companies that give us access to internet. Its suprising how much all the searches can be pieced together, and give a picture of who may have made these searchs. Hence this potentially could be used against individuals, as blackmail in the future. While this is an extreme view, this is a distinct possibility, and means corporations such as Google and Facebook have a huge amount of power they could utilize in the future. Analysis The positive aspects of digital media and the internet currently and always will outweigh the negatives aspects of digital media and the internet. It is irrational for anyone to claim that we were better off in an era of information poverty and un-empowered masses. One would rather have information overload than information poverty in society and culture. The internet is a true digital and electronic frontier where everyone is on his or her own; all manuscripts are accepted for publication, they remain in virtual print forever, and no one can tell writers what to do. The rise of the internet and digital media has empowered the masses and given everyone a platform on which to speak to the world. Of course, that doesnt necessarily mean all of the internet users will have something informed or valid to broadcast to across the world wide web. But such vast human empowerment is worth celebrating, despite its occasional downsides. Abundance in information is better than the old analog world of fewer choices and fewer voices. However, criticisms can be made against the internet and the digital media, as there are some very legitimate concerns regarding how the passing of the old order might leave society absent of some important cultural and order aspects. For example, one need not endorse bailouts for a dying newspaper industry to nonetheless worry about the important public service provided by investigative journalists: Who will take up those efforts if large media institutions go under because of digital disintermediation? The skeptics are also certainly correct that each of us should think about how to better balance new technologies and assimilate them into our lives and the lives of our families and communities. For example, children need to learn new digital literacy and cyber-citizenship skills to be savvy users of the world wide web. Conclusion This essay has critically assessed the impact that widespread use of digital media has on broader culture and society. For me, this was questioning whether digital media, the technological revolution and the rise of the internet can be seen as a blessing or a curse on culture and society. According to Castells (2002) who wrote a lot on this topic, new media technologies simultaneously reinforced relations of cultural capital, hierarchy and distinction, while enabling social movements to publicise campaigns and connect with distant others. Technology, the internet and the digital media has created unimaginable wealth yet also encouraged millions to work for nothing. Digital media Challenges authority yet allowed regimes to spy and censor as never before. The internet opens up new realms of knowledge and Al Gore (former vice president) states that its an empowering tool with more potential than any other tool developed by mankind. Digital media is very much a double edged sword and has both positive and negative aspects to it. This essay explored these different aspects and can now give a definitive answer as to whether digital media and the internet has overall had a good or bad impact on broader culture and society. Overall, the internet and the digital media is a positive phenomenon for humanity, society and culture. There are a significant number of ways in which the use of digital media has facilitated democracy and pluralism in worldwide society and culture. Strong examples in the physical form of digital media sites on the internet can be used to show this. Firstly Wikipedia is definitely a product of the digital media that has had a positive impact on culture and society. Secondly Twitter is a social media site that has had a strong positive effect on culture and society. Thirdly Napster is a digital media site that advanced culture and society by undermining centuries of copyrighting and property. YouTube is another strong example of how the digital media and the internet has had a positive effect on the global culture and society. These websites are contributing to rise of the digital media and the internet is accelerating globalisation which in turn provides new developments in culture that cross historic and traditional borders. The rise of the internet and digital media has empowered the masses and given everyone a platform on which to share information and dissolve old forms of hierarchy. However, to a smaller extent, the internet and digital media has caused a negative affect on society and culture. The digital media can be seen as a source of control and homogenisation by MEDCs over LEDCs. The internet and digital media has allowed elite megabrands to gain power with no competition. Again, the digital media and the internet can be seen as a tool of control and oppression. Increasingly it mirrors hierarchy and inequalities with its originally idealistic beginnings fading over time. The digital media can be seen to be narrowing identity while the internet can also link and connect extremists, which has given them new tools of terrorism. Finally, the internet and digital media can be see as eroding the concept of privacy. Private information is now exploited for highly targeted advertising and profit.

Marketing and market entry strategy in india

Marketing and market entry strategy in india A market entry strategy maps out how to sell, deliver and distribute HMs products in another country such as India. When products and services are exported to another country, the strategy will define ways of obtaining contracts and delivering them in that country. If HM has decided to conquer the international market in India, it is opened to many choices. These options may include the cost, risk and the degree of control that the company will encounter in the country. In entering an international business, it is important that the management of the HM should be able to choose marketing entry strategies and carefully choose the product that the company will market in India. Exporting, is the simplest form of marketing entry strategy which includes direct or indirect method such as using an agent, in the case of direct method and counter trade if the company opted to implement an indirect method. Due to technological advances, direct marketing is staging a comeback, leading to a relationship orientation. Moreover, since HM wants to be known globally, there are many other ways the company can choose from like joint venture or export processing zone. The management of HM may decide to choose the export strategy and include in their operation the specific channels to market their product. Relationship marketing has revolutionized the traditional marketing and has become the biggest paradigmatic shift in marketing practice in recent decades.It has not only changed customers to advocate by replacing customer satisfaction by customer delight but has also increased quality service offers that exceeds expectations. Similarly, it will open new horizons for HM. It will trigger the HM to introduce new products and services. According to Berry and Parasuraman (1991: 25) relationship marketing concerns attracting, developing and retaining customer relationships. Relationship marketing will provide HM with necessary selling approach to cope with various challenges, set by the modern market in India. Relationship marketing transforms single usage to multiple service usage and will strengthen HM by providing them the wherewithal with which they can carry out effective customer services in India. Nowadays, competition in fashion industry and demands of customers are increasing constantly. They demand for global fashion company like HM where there are provisions for an incentive to the customer. So, strong commitment to customer care, attraction and maintenance at all levels are the top priority of HM, while dealing with the customers. Relationship marketing will help HM to overcome these problems and make the sales procedures much simpler. Palmer (2001) enumerated the components of relationship marketing as being: a focus on customer loyalty and retention; long term orientation; tracing identifiable buyers; distinguishing different levels of relationship between the buyer and the seller; high levels of customer dedication; and service quality as being the responsibility of every employee. Relationship marketing will transform indifferent customers into loyal clientele and emphasizes on their retention. Customer retention is the means to delivering long-term profitability in H M. Customer relationships management focuses on customer retention, and customer retention is believed to be more profitable than customer acquisition. Dawkins and Reichheld (1990) found that higher retention rate leads to higher net present value of customers. The longer customers can be retained by HM, the more and more tangible benefits will accrue from a sustained income stream. The end goal of relationship marketing is profit for HM. Saren and Tzokas (2000) raised the usefulness of relationship marketing in creating unique, difficult to imitate knowledge through the processes of interaction and dialogue with the customer. Knowledge about customers can only be enhanced if HM is able to maintain lasting relationships with their customers. The determinants of store choice, customer loyalty, patronage behaviour, customer retention and relationship marketing have been widely studied around the globe. Therefore, a considerable volume of literature exists, especially regarding fashion industry. However, there is still considerable scope for research in this field as the environment of fashion industry is in a constant state of flux and the emergence of new store formats in India has led to dramatic changes in consumer behaviour. New and existing fashion industry tend to provide a completely new experience for their consumers by offering sophisticated customer service, a wide and assorted variety of goods, breakfast ambience, quality imported and branded products. Since, fashion has invading people style of living and HMs the product that has been chosen to go international market. Hence, this research will suggest a marketing entry strategy for HM using Porters Five Forces model (Porter, 1980) and SWOT analysis of other HM companies in other countries. The company is a new entrant to the Indian Market, thus, this paper will provide a marketing entry strategy analysis for the company as it invade the market in India. Competitors Analysis Competitors analysis is very important since HM is a new entrant within the market place. It is essential so that the HM will be able to know their competitors and the possible strategy that they may use to level up such competitors and know the needs of the target market. Thus, this means that HM will enter the India as a beginning industry considering many competitors within the market place. Marketing Entry Analysis Utilizing Marketing Mix Marketing is considered as one of the most important element underpinning successful business creation and because of its complex applications, marketing is defined in a variety of ways (Sheth, Gardner, and Garrett 1988). According to Elliot (1990), the marketing concept was first promulgated in the late 1950s. The importance of marketing concept incorporates oft-repeated elements such as: customer orientation; integrated marketing efforts; and resultant profitability (Elliot, 1990). The marketing mix principles can be adjusted on a frequent basis to meet the changing needs of the target market and other dynamics of marketing environment (McCarthy, 2004). In relation to marketing plan, marketing mix includes both short term and long term strategies makes for a more profitable marketing mix. Long term strategies build brand/company awareness and give sales revenue a permanent, gradual boost. Short term strategies create a temporary, immediate revenue boost by giving buyers an incentive to purchase. By implementing both long and short term strategies, you can attend to immediate sales goals while building your business reputation and goodwill (Kyle, 2004). 1.1. Product HM AB (originally known as Hennes Mauritz) is a Swedish clothing company, known for retail of low-cost designer clothings. It was established in Và ¤sterà ¥s in Sweden in 1947 by Erling Persson, though at the time it only sold womens clothing and was called Hennes, which means hers in Swedish. Persson acquired the premises and inventory of a Stockholm hunting equipment store named Mauritz Widforss in 1968. Persson expanded into menswear and renamed the store to Hennes Mauritz, later abbreviated to HM (www.hm.com). H M is the worlds favourite and preferred designer of apparels and clothing for man and women. In addition, H M is also known not only for their fashion cosmetic but because of the quality of the clothes designed durability and the funkiness of its clothes. Through the online stores, HM provides the regional, continental and European Market an exclusive clothing designs. The main goal of HM is to provide innovative designs of apparels and clothes for different types of people in different countries all over the world. The company is known because of its strategy of providing clothing designs exclusively for each countrys preferences and needs. 1.2. Pricing H M is believed to have advantages when it comes to its pricing tactic. In order to be known into the market place and as a new entrant, the company will provide its target market with an affordable cost while providing them a high quality products and services. The company will be given the customer and client a price that is lesser than its competitors so that the consumer will be enhanced to buy and patronize the H M clothes and cosmetics. 1.3. Placement/Distribution The HMs products will be distributed directly to its clients and consumers in order to be known in the market place. HM products can utilize joint venture strategies with distinguished distributor of apparels, clothes and cosmetics, providing them with great offers, so as to market the product of the H M internationally. In 2003, HM announced its entry into the traditionally exclusive Milan fashion scene. It remains to be seen if HM and other low-end retailers will be able to find a market there. In February 2004, The Gap, another prominent international retailer, sold off all of its German outlets to its competitor, HM. HM launched its first American outlet on March 31, 2000 on New Yorks famous Fifth Avenue. Following the success its stores, additional outlets were opened in the SoHo, Gramercy, and Herald Square areas of Manhattan, followed by outlets in Upstate New York in Syracuse, Utica, and West Nyack. The brand then expanded to other regions of the country, including Chicago and its outlying suburbs. The first two HM stores to appear on the West Coast of the US opened in San Francisco, California on November 19th, 2005. HM opened its first Canadian store in Fairview Mall in Toronto and soon after, its store in Torontos Eaton Centre was opened in March 2004. Following great financial success, HM opened ten other stores within the Greater Toronto Area. Stores were also opened in Montreal in Spring 2006. HM continued its expansion in the Canadian market and doubled the number of stores in 2006. It planned new markets include Barrie, Hamilton, London, Kitchener/Cambridge/Waterloo, St. Catharines and Windsor and Ontario market, Fairview (Pointe Claire) shopping centre, Rockland Centre, the Galeries dAnjou and the Carrefour Laval. (www.hm.com) 1.4. Promotion/Communication HM can use video advertisements, print advertisements and the concept of e-marketing to promote its products. These promotion and communication strategy will tend to meet the consumers form different places everywhere, especially those target markets or the consumers in the working place. Moreover, since the trend in the market place today is the usage of e-marketing, the company will provide a website that any client can access. The use of the Internet is changing technologically advanced marketing overnight while different industries have been trying to use it as part of their marketing strategy. It does not only reconfigured the way different firms do business and the way the consumers buy goods and services but it also become instrumental in transforming the value chain from manufacturers to retailers to consumers, creating a new retail distribution channel (Donthu and Garcia, 1999). E-marketing is a powerful tool used that can be used by HM. E-marketing is defined as the process of achieving marketing objectives through the use of electronic communications technology (ICT). Smith and Chaffey (2001) have provided a 5Ss learning devices on how the internet can be applied by all business firms for different e-marketing tactics. These 5Ss are useful for HM and are se lling, serve, speak, save and sizzle. E-marketing or online marketing strategy can be used by HM to market its products. Thus, the HM has created its own website (www.hm.com). HM will use the e-marketing strategy is to keep in touch to different internet users and to be able to attract more clients and consumers. HM will use e-marketing to accelerate its business portfolio whether the user of the website is a customer, employee, stockholders, vendors, retailers or end customers. 1.5. Market Segmentation Marketing segmentation is defined as an aggregating process clustering people with similar needs into a market segment (Perreault McCarthy, 2002: 74). According to Ravesteyn (2005), customer segmentation is critical for an effective relationship marketing strategy. HM will provide its target consumers for its product by using market segmentation strategy. The segmentation of the market is a critical aspect of relationship marketing and the segmentation of business customers by HM must be in line with the different levels of relationship offered by the company. They need to make use of relationship marketing and management at segment or market level to identify the target market they intend pursuing (Stewart, 1995). Primarily, the context of the market segmentation for this company will be the Psychographics. Strydom, Cant Jooste (2000) identify the following four types of segmentation: demographic, geographic, psychographic and behavioural segmentation. Psychographics includes soc ial class, lifestyle, and personality variables (Chiagouris and Kahle, 2000). The end result of using these variables is a psychological profile of each market segment. Issues also examined the customers loyalties, habits and self-concept. Social class describes how individuals want their office automation will meet their comfort and satisfaction, what they consider important about their immediate surroundings, their opinions on various issues, and their interests. As lifestyle studies concentrates on what the consumer requires, using these study results as marketing strategies eventually became a marketing concept. The marketing concept is a basic philosophy that maintains that HM should endeavour to satisfy the needs and wants of customers through a coordinated set of activities that also allows the HM to achieve its goals at a profit. The HM must be able to consider its consumer, especially the demands of the consumer so as to let the business have an opportunity of having an expansion of its business portfolio as required by the consumers. The focus of this overview is on the behavioural segmentation process, which refers to the segmentation of buyers or customers into groups on the basis of their knowledge of, attitude towards, use of or response to a product or service of a HM. The behavioural variables identified by Kotler (2000) include: Occasions occasional buyers develop needs, purchase, or use products. Benefits refer to the benefits that buyers seek. User status includes potential users, regular users, non-users, first-time users or ex-users. Usage rate will include light, medium or heavy users. Loyalty status are classified as hard-core loyals, split loyals, shifting loyals and switchers. Buyers-readiness stages where the customers are either aware or unaware of the product or service, informed, interested, have a desire for the product or service and have intent to buy. Attitude enthusiastic, positive, indifferent, negative and hostile. Research Objectives: Relationship marketing will contribute significantly to the development of HM in India. Therefore, it becomes essential to study its applications in a fashion company in India. This study fulfils this need. The study addresses the different pros and cons of relationship marketing in a fashion company in India. Thus, the general purpose of this research investigation is to identify, describe and analyse factors that have an impact on relationship marketing, customer retention and customer acquisition in Indian fashion context. The main objectives of this study are given below, To identify, describe and analyse factors that will have an impact on relationship marketing, customer retention and customer acquisition in a fashion company and at HM in India. To appraise the views of customers of HM in India, how they feel about the companys relationship with them. To gain insight on how HM in India build customer relationship marketing tactics. To understand and determine the mediating role of customer behavior between relationship marketing and customer retention and acquisition. To indentify the market entry strategies for HM in India. Research Questions: What is the relationship marketing tactics practiced by the HM in India? What is the market entry strategy practiced by the HM in India? Deliverables: As it has been described in the objectives of the research project that the main purpose of this study is to examine the market entry strategies and relationship marketing by HM in India and customer relationships in Fashion Company and to find out how fashion company relationships with customers promotes its entry in India. The final product of this research project will be a report, containing the HMs relationship strategy and market entry strategy in India, what are their advantages and disadvantages. The report will contain the perceptions of employee and customers. Finally, the report will highlight some relationship marketing problems of HM and a fashion company and suggest some guidelines to remove these problems and improve its customers base in India. Research Methodology: Interested customer and would be customers of HM in India will be approached to collect the data. There are two kinds of data. Primary data Secondary data Primary data includes the information about relationship marketing and market entry strategy available from customers of HM in India. This also includes responses by the different employee of HM on the shop-floor. Secondary data will tell about the impact of relationship marketing in the retailers and the data has been available in their system. To collect the data, retailers employees, posted at different positions, will be contacted. Similarly, to assess the changes in retail services, caused by the relationship marketing, customers views will also be found out. The tools to collect this data will be the surveys. For this, employees and customers will be interviewed, where as to know the views of customers, different questionnaires will be prepared to ask them different questions. To analyze the collected data, different statistical techniques will be used. Qualitative research can be referred to as the opposite of quantitative research method. Any research method has its advantages and it disadvantages. Qualitative research is a study done that produces its results and findings that do not result from statistical means or other method of quantification. This method of inquiry requires a high level of intelligence and experience from the researcher to arrive at a more realistic and targeted data from the respondent. Quantitative research is referred to as a measurement of how people feel, think or act in a particular way and that this survey tend to include large samples from fifty to any number of interviews, structured questionnaires containing mostly closed questions that require questions along with set responds. This involves the clear statement of variables i.e. specifying the dependent and the independent variable. Resources: The most important thing to carry out any research project is to know the background, research objectives, and research methodology of the research project. For this literature is searched out. The University Library will be the primary source to review the literature. Books in hard and soft form will be obtained from the library. Similarly, different research journals and articles in the library will be valuable assets to prepare a comprehensive research report. To prepare the questionnaires, surveys done by Fashion Company to know the relationship marketing and market entry strategy will be used. Similarly new questionnaires, depending on the situation, will also be prepared. Project Plan: The project is divided into three stages. Literature review Interviews of employees of HM and their customers Report writing Literature Review: To carry out any research project, a research must be able to review the literature. This makes researcher aware of work, done by other people in the respective field. The main source of literature is the journals, in which different researchers publish their findings of problems. Interviews of retail employees and customers: In order to collect information on the impact of market entry strategy and know impact on relationship marketing in the Indian fashion company, the employees of HM will be interviewed. They will be asked about the positive and negative points of relationship marketing utilization in their stores. Similarly, customer views will be taken through the interviews. Considering all these views, suggestion to improve the customer services will be advised. Report writing: The final product of the research project will be a written report. The structure of my report will be divided in following categories, Introduction: In the introduction, the market entry strategy and history of relationship marketing use in fashion sector will be discussed and how different relationship marketing systems will be used to address the issues of HM, with the passage of time. Aims and objectives: In this part of report, purpose of the research project will be stated very clearly; what are the aims of the study and what are the problems, which will be discussed in the report. Research methodology: This is the core part of the report. After stating the problem, different research methodologies will be explained to gather the data. The primary source will be the interviews of the employees and customers. From these interviews, impact of relationship marketing and market entry strategy of HM will be assessed. The questions asked to employees and customers will be provided in the appendix of report. Conclusions: After describing the problems and research methods, suggestion will be advised to eliminate the highlighted problems. Risk: In order to carry out any research project, it is very important to study all the aspects of the project. One of the main aspects regarding any project is the risks involved. There are also some risks involved, regarding the research project under consideration. One risk can be privacy. HM employees can be duty-bound and show reluctance to give information about their working procedures and on relationship marketing operations, used in the fashion company. Impact and Beneficiaries of Research: The main objective of this research activity is to investigate the market entry strategies and relationship marketing by HM in India and customer relationships in Fashion Company and to find out how fashion company relationships with customers promotes its entry in India. This research can be very helpful for the fashion sector. For instance, it will analyze the effectiveness of relationship marketing and its market entry strategies in India. It will determine the views of HM employees about the introduction of relationship marketing in their working environment. From this, both positive and negative points about the role of relationship marketing in the fashion sector, put forward by the HM employees, can be known. Similarly, the customers views about the insertion of relationship marketing and the effect of HMs market entry strategy can be found out. Customers level of satisfaction about the HMs customer services can be assessed. This report will also show the comparison of differe nt strategies among different HMs companies worldwide and how they use relationship marketing to achieve the same target. By knowing the views of customers through this study, their difficulties while dealing with HM, can also be discovered. This report will also address these issues and suggest solutions to eradicate these problems. So, the major beneficiaries of this report are the management of HM and by considering the suggestions of the report, they can improve their market entry strategies, customer services and hence the customer relationship from HM will be invigorated.

Older Woman Essay -- essays research papers

Older Women - Hidden Sexual Abuse Victims Although other forms of violence within the family have received increasing attention from professionals and the media over recent years, including the physical abuse and neglect of children, child sexual abuse, and domestic violence, elder abuse remains relatively hidden. This is especially true of sexual abuse of older persons. While there are some references to stranger rapes of older women, the topic of elder sexual abuse within the family is rarely addressed in the professional literature, and seldom confronted by social workers, medical personnel or advocates. This is partly true because sexuality is usually associated with younger people. Yet, if sexual abuse is a function of power and control, frail older persons, who often have little power and may be dependent on others for care, can be extremely vulnerable to sexual mistreatment. Elder sexual abuse is defined as coercing an older person, through force, trickery, threats, or other means, into sexual contact against her or his will. It often begins with covert activities such as inappropriate remarks and threats, and escalates to more severe types of mistreatment, including: the offender forcing the victim to view pornography or to listen to explicit sexual accounts; sexualized kissing and fondling; oral-genital contact; digital penetration; vaginal rape; anal rape; rape by objects; exploitation (e.g., prostituting or swapping the victim); sadistic acts, and ritualistic abuse.1 The prevalence of elder sexual abuse is not known because no systemic study has been done to determine how widespread the problem is. Where it is uncovered, it is usually by adult protective services workers who are called to intervene in other types of mistreatment of older persons, such as physical abuse, neglect or financial exploitation. In the first study of its kind, Holly Ramsey-Klawsnik, Ph.D. in 1991 examined twenty-eight (28) Massachusetts cases in which sexual abuse was identified by elder abuse case workers. All the victims resided in the community (not in nursing homes or other institutional facilities). All were female, ranging in age from 65 to 101, while all but one of the offenders was male. Four out of five of the offenders were care givers to the victims, the vast majority of whom had significant impairments which made them totally dependent on others for dai... ...e services will reduce the victim's dependence on the abuser and will also reduce her isolation, both of which contribute significantly to vulnerability to abuse. The rape crisis center and local adult protective services programs should cooperate on other interventions such as legal remedies in order to avoid duplication of effort and to reduce the confusion to the client. Vulnerable older persons need and deserve the skilled attention of all those with whom they come into contact in order to reduce their vulnerability to sexual abuse. Work Cited 1 Ramsey-Klawsnik, Holly, Ph.D. "Elder Sexual Abuse: Preliminary Findings." Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect. Vol. 3(3), 1991. 2 Ibid. 3 Holt, Malcolm G., CSS "Elder Sexual Abuse in Britain: Preliminary Findings." Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect. Vol.5(2), 1993. 4 Russell, Diane E. Rape in Marriage. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1990. 5 Ramsey-Klawsnik. 6 Illinois Department on Aging, Elder Abuse and Neglect Program: FY 1995 Annual Report. Springfield, Illinois, 1996. 7 Groth, A.N., "The Older Rape Victim and Her Assailant." Geriatric Psychiatry, 203-215, 1978, as cited in Ramsey-Klawsnik. 8 Ramsey-Klawsnik

Immorality of Human Cloning Essay -- essays research papers

While human cloning has been a matter of science fiction for centuries, the prospect that it could actually happen is a recent development. On February 23, 1997, the birth of the first cloned sheep, Dolly, was announced. Since then, it seems that science has progressed faster than moral understanding. Each breakthrough in genetics presents us with both a promise and a dilemma. The promise is that we may soon be able to treat and prevent diseases such as cancer and Parkinson’s. The dilemma is that we will have the power to manipulate our very nature-- to choose the sex and other genetic qualities of our next generation in attempts to make ourselves perfect. Despite the possible benefits, cloning will require unacceptable risks and does not consider the basic concepts of human dignity, liberty and identity. Considering our role in the world, it is society’s place to dictate moral boundaries to ban all human cloning, including that done in the name of medical progress. Human cloning is a serious issue and a frightening prospect of what the future may hold. It has been proven neither effective, nor safe. Before this minimum requirement is met, cloning should be avoided and not attempted on humans. Despite this, advocates argue that cloning can improve human genetics, and can prevent genetically transmitted diseases. The truth is that cloning will not improve genetic make up of the human race. According to Darwin’s famous theory, nature adapts its species and no one should interfere in the process. A radical change in nature, such as creating a society of clones, will diminish the human diversity resulting from the various mixings of genes. Another problem says Lane Lester who earned his Ph.D in genetics is that â€Å"everyone possesse... ... cloning is necessary or useful for any purpose. Banning cloning far outweighs the potential curing of genetically transmitted diseases, it crosses an ethical line in the creation of human beings. As a moral society, we should strive to enforce moral boundaries and create rather then destroy. Works Cited "Gene Mutation" The Encyclopedia Britannica. 15th ed. 2007. Print. Leone, Paul. Cloning and the Future of Human Embryo Research. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001. Google Books. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. Masci, Margaret O., and John F. Setaro. Medicine's Brave New World: Bioengineering and the New Genetics. Brookfield: Twenty-First Century, 2001. Print. Winters, Paul A. Cloning. San Diego: Greenhaven, 1998. Print. Gallup Poll: Support for Embryonic Stem Cell Research $ Dropping. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. http://www.lifenews.com/2005/08/16/bio-1111/

Customer Service Essay

As a highly motivated and energetic person, I was excited to learn of your company’s opening for an Assistant Manager. In reviewing my resume, you will find that I possess all the attributes your are seeking, gained in over six years of hands-on progressive experience. A perfect match for your needs. You seek someone with motivational and leadership skills. I propelled my career to become the top Senior Sales Consultant for a fortune 500 company that serves 90 stores in 25 states. While increasing the bottom line of the company using innovative techniques, I utilized strong interpersonal skills to build a solid team of personnel with a high morale. Exceptional Customer Service has been demonstrated by my ability to manage customer’s needs while applying operations knowledge by implementing aggressive sales plans with a cutting edge technique, of particular value to your industry. A team player with the ability to work effectively with others, I developed training techniques that provided win-win results – Through a product-awareness program employees received intensive training, while customer’s benefited from well-informed and confident customer service personnel. For your convenience, I have kept this letter short. I can make an immediate and valuable contribution to In-Game Support Entertainment and look forward to meeting you where we can discuss in more detail your needs and my qualifications.

Implementing electronic document and record management systems. Samsung company Essay

Samsung is a multinational conglomerate company located in Samsung town, South Korea. I work in the sales and marketing department where I manage six staff members. I am also in charge of human, finance and physical resources management which help me to achieve the objectives. Management requires constant development and planning. Other resources usually used by managers to achieve their objectives include; physical resources such as equipment, computers, tools, land, vehicles and buildings. Human resources include; personal and partner skills, team morale, workers experience, workers loyalty, employee’s skills and competence, as well as team work morals. Financial resources required include capacity to raise money, cash, current credit availability, cash equivalents and credit lines with financial institutions (Liao, 2009). In order to identify the type and quantity of resources required in Samsung, the company analyses the business plans and carefully breakdown its objectives in the resources required to achieve them. Samsung plans to attain $400 billion in sales by 2020 thus the company may need human resources of sales person with extensive sales experience, high work ethnic and customer contact details. The company requires physical resources such as computer, vehicle, and mobile phone. Finally, the company might require $X cash to finance the selling expenses and the wages until break-even point is achieved. Listing and summarizing the resources required to achieve every objective is vital since it will enable the company to have all the required resources. Samsung new strategy and vision include finding new markets for their high-tech electronic goods. Samsung also strive to secure a competitive advantage in businesses such as mobile hand set, memory chips, and LCD panels. Samsung also Endeavour to follow a market driven system by studying consumer preferences. Samsung lays more efforts in finding the required resources to achieve their objectives. This will ensure the company becomes one of the ten summit companies in the world in stipulations of annual sales (BarceloÃÅ', 2007). Task 2 Resource Time frame Quantity Cost/budget Human resource Worker’s knowledge Worker’s experience & proficiency Team drive Panel morals Employee reliability Private & cohort skills 12 months Samsung Electronics’ overall global employment level stands at 161,700, which is broken down into 84,464 workers in Korea (80,084 regular employees, 900 contract workers, 3,356 internship employees and 124 in other categories) and 77,236 in foreign countries(65,746 regular laborers;2,008 contract employees, 4,483 intern employees and 4,999 short-term workers) $x cash Physical resources Tools Vehicles Equipment Land Buildings Computers 12 months Appropriate number of physical resources. $y cash             The objectives should be smart. This implies that they are specific, measurable, acceptable, and realistic and can be achieved within a given time frame. Targets are very crucial in a business since every stakeholder of the company knows what they should achieve and when they need to achieve the objective. Planning involves determining the number and competence of the employees to be hired in different departments. The manager then allocates responsibilities to the workers depending on their skills and experience. Team morale and team morals are other crucial factors to consider. The company should change rapidly owing to the fact that the world is experiencing drift changes. In order to achieve the objectives the manager should acknowledge the need for constant revision and integration of the existing skills. Managers should know how to motivate their employees as well as building an appropriate team (Autry & Goldsby, 2013). The manager should also allocate the resources equally and in a transparent manner. The objective should align with the company strategy as well as ensuring that the company maintains competitive advantage. The manager should choose an appropriate set of human and physical resources since they are very vital in planning process aimed at achieving the company objective. Employees who are experienced and competent will work appropriately such that they will not incur extra cost apart from their wages. This will ensure that the company reduces their expenses. On the other hand, appropriate allocation of physical resources such as machine, adequate and strategically placed working areas, tools and equipment will ensure that workers have adequate equipments which will lead to an increase in productivity. Samsung Company will be able to achieve its objective by reducing costs while increasing its sales and annual revenue (Liao, 2009). Experienced and competent employees have good customer relations which will ensure that the company will retain the existing customers as well as attract more customers. Skilled and highly motivated employees will lead to production of superior products which will attract more customers. Proper allocation of physical resources will ensure that the company has excellent customer service, and increased customer loyalty. Samsung does not involve their employees in long working hours since they believe in innovation instead of command or control. They believe that their employees are competent and thus by employing the required resources, they will be able to produce high-tech digital products. The managers also believe in constant development and investment which will enable them to achieve their objectives. The associated costs to human resources is the wages to the employees while costs incurred in physical resources is the cost of tools and equipments, as well as the cost of building and maintenance of the company (BarceloÃÅ', 2007). Task 3             The company hires employees from all over the world. The hiring process is transparent and provides equal chances to experienced and highly skilled workers. Samsung plans to invest more in human resources since its digital and innovative management depends on its highly trained employees. The company should also invest more in training programs. The company should also allocate more funds to equipments, training and education programs. Hiring qualified personnel will ensure production of high quality products as well as growth of technology innovation. This will enable the company to retain its competitive advantage. Samsung usually purchase its equipments abroad. New equipment calls for highly skilled employees to operate the machines. Physical resources include tangible resources; they include the manufacturing plant equipments, land, and equipments. Samsung is based in China with almost 78 other branches in other countries. Samsung is the leading company in technology and they are famous as producers of high-tech digital products. Production resources include information technology resources and production resources. The company should invest more in physical products since they help in manufacturing of the products. The company should invest more in educating and training the employees which enables to have reliable supply of human resources. To ensure constant supply of the physical resources, the company should ensure that the company has competent and high skilled workers who are able to develop software and other integrated products that will attract customers. The company should also provide adequate plant equipments as well as adequate land to build more joint companies (Bowersox & Cooper, 2007). Task 4             Supply management is more than acquiring goods and services at an appropriate price. It involves recognizing possible disruptions to the supply chain and taking necessary approach to alleviate them. There are several steps that the company applies to develop a plan for dealing with potential supply disruptions. The company identifies the life cycle of every service and product that the company manufactures. Samsung Company chairman is famous for his forecasting and deciding power. This is very crucial to the company since it enable it access the financial impact that can be caused by supply disruption (Autry & Goldsby, 2013). Supply risk is an external risk which is the disturbances to the flow of product within the company supply chain. The company is very keen on the supplier base. The company is able to identify every raw material needed, recognize the strategic suppliers to the company and recognize strategic raw materials. The company is also more focused to vulnerability where the company identifies the probable risks to take place, their cause and the possible remedies. The company also recognizes the probable implications of the supply disruptions by good understanding of the vulnerable risks. Mitigation is whereby the company set targets and goals and how to accomplish them. For example, if there is supply disruption of material A, purchase orders will be placed with alternative supply source within 24 hours to ensure there is no disruption of supply of material A (Autry & Goldsby, 2013). The company also uses cost and benefit analysis to assess risk and uncertainty. This helps the company to measure the value at risk. The company thus implements appropriate actions and measures to combat the supply disruptions at all levels in the company. Appropriate handling of the supply disruptions has enabled the growth of Samsung Company. Task 5             The company understanding of risk and uncertainty helps them in decision making regarding record management. The company is able to make informed choices regarding security and privacy policies that they use in the company. Regardless of the format, human and physical resources are subject to the risk of inappropriate access. The company records both human and physical resources in paper and electronic records. Human resources and physical resources records are very risky and should be subject to inappropriate access to avoid alterations and other modifications. Paper records of human and physical resources are susceptible to intentional and accidental inappropriate access and thus they should be secured by isolating records into separate protected storage locations, recording sign in and sign out programs, and restricting physical access to storage areas. Electronic records of human and physical resources can also be risky but the company has come up with necessary measures to combat the inappropriate of electronic records. The company develops measured to prevent hacker bypass access and control of user credentials. The paper records deteriorate slowly necessitating regular creation of new copies. Electronic records on the other hand can degrade disastrously calling for appropriate computing technologies. The loss of information might be very costly since sometimes it might be impossible to retrieve the lost data (Adam, 2008). The risk of losing human resources data and physical data makes the company very cautious when it comes to the issue of handling paper and electronic records. The company keeps updating the records of human and physical resources which will enable future use of the data to enable the company achieve its objectives. Human and physical records are very crucial since they will be used to Plan Company’s future of expansion. However, the company should be aware of the vulnerable risks that can occur and thus come up with appropriate reforms for sustainability. References Adam, A. (2008). Implementing electronic document and record management systems. Boca Raton: Auerbach Publications. Autry, C. W., & Goldsby, T. J. (2013). Global macrotrends and their impact on supply chain management: Strategies for gaining competitive advantage. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: FT Press. BarceloÃÅ' , D. (2007). Sustainable management of sediment resources. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., & Cooper, M. B. (2007). Supply chain logistics management (2nd ed.). Boston, Mass.: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Liao, H. (2009). Research in personnel and human resources management. Bingley: Emerald/Jai. Source document

Edgar Allan Poe Paper Essay

Poe’s Writes his writing based on his real life, and makes it shocking, scary just like how his life was. His life leads him to write his literature like horror, scary, and more. Poe was alone after his mother death. He wrote a poem named â€Å"Alone† that he wrote related to how he felt he was alone. Poe didn’t like his foster father, and didn’t get along with him. He wanted revenge on his foster father. A letter that he wrote to John Allan called â€Å"Letter to John Allan† That letter described how he felt about his foster father. All the literature he wrote was related to his own life experience. In Poe’s literature he has always one character that dies at the end. Poe always thought that his foster father insulted him a lot. He wrote a story name â€Å"The Cask of the Amontillado† which was similar to how he felt about his foster father. That story was about two persons, and one of them thought that the other insulted him, so he w anted revenge. That was the same thing that Poe wanted to do to his foster father. The death of Poe’s mother really impacted his life, and his writing. In the poem â€Å"Alone† he wrote that â€Å"From childhood’s hour I have not been as other were†¦.† That meant that he didn’t had the childhood like others had. Most children’s have parents but he didn’t he was alone by himself. His life was full of tragedy, so was his literature. For example the poem â€Å"Alone† that he wrote had this â€Å"Then in my childhood in the dawn of a most stormy life†¦.† That meant he has a life full of tragedy, and his life was very hard staring from childhood. Edgar Allan Poe’s life was one of many sorrows and difficulties, filled with death of close family members and many broken loves. Poe wanted a revenge on his foster father. He wrote a letter to him that described how he felt about him. Poe didn’t get along with his foster father because he thought John Allan was loose, and John Allan didn’t leave a penny for Poe before John Allan’s died. In the letter he wrote â€Å"Send me I entreat you some money immediately, as I am in the greatest†¦.† That line meant he wanted some money, he was asking for money from him. The letter that he wrote he showed no shame because he thought he deserved it for what John Allan said about him. For example in the letter he says â€Å"Again, I have heard you say (when you little thought I was listening†¦.† That line in the letter meant he has overheard John Allan say that â€Å"he meant nothing to him.† Poe’s foster father, John Allan was always insulting Poe. Poe had overheard him many times insulting him, so Poe wanted revenge, and didn’t care about the injuries John Allan had made. Poe’s story â€Å"The Cask of the Amontillado† is the best example of Poe thinking John Allan was insulting him, and Poe wanting revenge. In the story he wrote this quote â€Å"The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as I best could, but when he ventured upon insult†¦Ã¢â‚¬  That quote meant that Montresore wants a revenge, not for his injuries but for the insult, which was the same thing Poe wanted to do to John Allan. This story was related to wines; Poe was a man who drank a lot. In â€Å"The Cask of the Amontillado† Fortunato was the man that drinks a lot, which you could describe as Poe because Poe had a lot of tenses in life that made him start drinking, just like Fortunato. In conclusion, Poe’s writes his writing based on his real life and makes it shocking, scary like how his life was. His life leads him to write his literature like scary, horror, and more. The three main reasons that Poe wrote his writing like that were death of his mother; he wanted a revenge on his foster father, and his foster father insulting him. Poe’s life was full of tragedy, and so was his literature. Overall Poe’s real life really made a big impact on his literature.